CRITICAL RULES

1. NO HALLUCINATION OF DATA ITEMS

ONLY use data items documented in this skill file or in docs/SPG_OfficeReferenceGuide_v2_RANGEV.xlsx

• NEVER guess or invent data item names
• If uncertain, check the metric reference tables below or the Excel reference guide
• Calculate missing ratios manually from documented items

2. ZERO FORMULA ERRORS

Every Excel model MUST have ZERO formula errors (#REF!, #DIV/0!, #VALUE!, #N/A, #NAME?, #INVALID COMPANY ID)

• Use IFERROR() to handle missing data gracefully
• Use absolute references ($) for company identifier cells
• Always use exchange-qualified identifiers (e.g., "NASDAQ:NVDA", "NYSE:MCD") for reliability -- bare tickers can cause #INVALID COMPANY ID errors

3. NEVER USE @ IN FORMULAS

When writing formulas via Python/openpyxl, write =SPG(...) NOT =@SPG(...).

• The @ implicit intersection operator is added automatically by Excel at display time
• Including @ in the stored formula causes it to be treated as a text string instead of executing
• This applies to all functions: SPG, SPGRangeV, SPGScreen, SPGTable

Correct: cell.value = '=SPG("NASDAQ:NVDA","IQ_TOTAL_REV","FY2024")' Wrong: cell.value = '=@SPG("NASDAQ:NVDA","IQ_TOTAL_REV","FY2024")'

4. NO EMOJIS

Maintain professional tone in all outputs

5. PRESERVE EXISTING TEMPLATES

When modifying existing files, EXACTLY match existing format and conventions

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FORMULA REFERENCE GUIDE

Complete Documentation: docs/SPG_OfficeReferenceGuide_v2_RANGEV.xlsx

This Excel file contains:

• FrequentFormulas sheet: Complete catalog of valid formulas by category
• RangeV sheet: SPGRANGEV syntax examples

Always verify formulas and data items against this reference guide.

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CORE CONCEPTS

Identifier (Company Lookup)

The first parameter in every SPG formula identifies which company or entity to look up.

Format	Example	Description
Exchange:Ticker	"NYSE:SPGI"	Exchange-qualified ticker (PREFERRED)
Ticker	"SPGI"	Bare ticker (less reliable -- can cause #INVALID COMPANY ID)
Market Intelligence ID	"4023623"	Numeric MI identifier
S&P Capital IQ ID	"IQ21719"	CIQ-prefixed identifier
Rate symbol	"%TCMSY10"	Treasury/rate identifier
Currency pair	"$EURUSD"	FX pair identifier

ALWAYS prefer Exchange:Ticker format (e.g., "NASDAQ:NVDA", "NYSE:MCD") to avoid ambiguity.

Metric (Data Item)

The second parameter is the mnemonic code for the specific data point to retrieve (e.g., "IQ_TOTAL_REV" for Total Revenue). See the full metric reference tables below.

Cell Referencing

All parameters in every SPG function support cell references in addition to direct inputs:

=SPG(A1, "IQ_TOTAL_REV", A2)

Where A1 = NASDAQ:AMZN, A2 = LTM

Model Setup Pattern

Every spreadsheet MUST place the company identifier in a dedicated, clearly labeled cell and reference it with absolute references throughout:

Cell B2: "Company Identifier"    (label)
Cell C2: "NASDAQ:NVDA"          (value -- exchange-qualified)

All formulas reference $C$2:
=SPG($C$2, "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "FY2024")
=SPG($C$2, "SP_MARKETCAP")
=IFERROR(SPG($C$2, "SP_HEADCOUNT_LATEST"), "-")

• The identifier cell must contain a plain text value (e.g., NASDAQ:NVDA), NOT a formula
• Always use absolute references ($C$2) so formulas don't break when rows/columns shift
• Wrap non-critical data items in IFERROR() to degrade gracefully

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SPG FUNCTIONS

=SPG() -- Single Value

Retrieves one specific data point for one specific time period.

Syntax: =SPG("Identifier", "Metric", "Period", "Options:")

Some metrics accept an additional As-Of Date parameter.

Basic:

=SPG("AMZN", "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "LTM")
=SPG("NYSE:MCD", "SP_PRICE_CLOSE", TODAY())
=SPG("NYSE:MCD", "IQ_TEV")                                        -- TEV, no period needed
=SPG("NYSE:MCD", "IQ_TEV_EBITDA")                                 -- TEV/EBITDA, no period needed

With Options:

=SPG("NYSE:IBM", "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "FY2018", "Options: Curr=EUR, Mag=Millions")

Consensus Estimates:

=SPG("NYSE:MCD", "Total Revenue", "FY2025", "Options:DataType=SD")

TEV Note: TEV data items (IQ_TEV, SNL_TEV, IQ_TEV_EBITDA, IQ_TEV_TOTAL_REV, etc.) do NOT require period parameters -- they return the current total enterprise values.

=SPGRangeV() -- Range of Values (Time Series)

Pulls a time series of data (e.g., the last 5 years of revenue). The formula spills across multiple cells.

Syntax: =SPGRangeV("Identifier", "Metric", "Beginning Period", "As-Of Date", "Options:")

=SPGRangeV("NYSE:MCD", "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "FY-4")
=SPGRangeV("NYSE:IBM", "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "FQ-5", "04/01/2020", "Options: Curr=EUR, Mag=Millions, Dates=Before")

Parameter	Description	Example
Identifier	Company ticker or S&P identifier	"NYSE:IBM"
Metric	Data mnemonic	"IQ_TOTAL_REV"
Beginning Period	Starting period for the time series	"FQ-5"
As-Of Date	Optional: historical as-of date	"04/01/2020"
Options	Optional: Currency, Magnitude, Dates position	"Options: Curr=EUR, Mag=Millions, Dates=Before"

Detailed Ownership Range

SPGRangeV can also pull a list of a company's top shareholders. Instead of a Beginning Period, provide a Start Rank and End Rank:

=SPGRangeV("NYSE:BAC", "SP_INSTITUTIONAL_VALUE", "1", "10", "10/5/2020", "SUMMARY", "Options: Rank=1/1/2020, Curr=GBP, Mag=Millions")

=SPGScreen() -- Saved Screens

Embeds a saved screen or company list from the S&P Capital IQ Pro Data Wizard directly into Excel.

Syntax: =SPGScreen("Query Name", "Direction", Field ID Range, "Options:")

=SPGTable() -- Multi-Company Grids

Typically auto-generated when exporting a screen from the Data Wizard into Excel. Refreshes a large table of data across multiple entities, periods, and fields at once.

=SPGTable($B$26:$B$35, $C$23:$D$23, $C$24:$D$24, "Options:Curr=EUR, Mag=Thousands, ConvMethod=Recommended")

---

AVAILABLE PERIOD TYPES

Historical / Current Periods (for IQ_* and SNL_* fundamentals)

Period Type	Actual	Relative
Calendar Year	CY2018	CY0, CY-1, ...
Fiscal Year	FY2018	FY0, FY-1, ...
Calendar Quarter	CQ42018	CQ0, CQ-1, ...
Fiscal Quarter	FQ42018	FQ0, FQ-1, ...
Last-Twelve-Months	LTM42018	LTM, LTM-1, ...
Year-To-Date	YTD42018	YTD
Half/Semi-Annual	FH12018	FH0

Forward Periods (ONLY for consensus estimate mnemonics: SP_*_EST)

Period Type	Relative
Next-Twelve-Months	NTM
Forward Fiscal Year	FY+1, FY+2, ...
Forward Fiscal Quarter	FQ+1, FQ+2, ...

CRITICAL: Forward periods (FY+1, NTM, etc.) cause #INVALID FUNCTION PARAMETER when used with IQ_* or SNL_* fundamental data items. These periods ONLY work with consensus estimate mnemonics (SP_REV_EST, SP_EBITDA_EST, SP_EPS_EST, SP_NI_EST, SP_EBIT_EST, SP_CFPS_EST).

Building a model with historical + forecast columns:

Historical (FY-4 to FY0):  =SPG($C$2, "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "FY-4")
Forecast (FY+1, FY+2):     =SPG($C$2, "SP_REV_EST", "FY+1")

You MUST switch from IQ_* mnemonics to SP_*_EST mnemonics for forward periods.

---

OPTIONS STRING REFERENCE

The Options string is an optional final parameter in any SPG formula. Arguments are comma-separated inside quotes, always beginning with "Options:".

"Options: Curr=EUR, Mag=Millions, ConvMethod=Recommended"

Currency (Curr= or Currency=)

Converts monetary data into a target currency using a 3-character ISO code.

=SPG("AMZN", "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "FY2023", "Options: Curr=EUR")

Magnitude (Mag= or Magnitude=)

Scales monetary values to reduce trailing zeros.

Value	Alias
Standard	(default -- uses source's native magnitude)
Actuals	0
Thousands	3
Millions	6
Billions	9
Trillions	12

=SPG("AMZN", "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "FY2023", "Options: Mag=Millions")

Conversion Method (ConvMethod=)

Controls which exchange rate is used when converting currencies.

Value	Description
Recommended	Uses the exchange rate from the date the data was reported
MRSpot	Uses the most recent spot rate available today

=SPG("AMZN", "IQ_TOTAL_REV", "FY2023", "Options: Curr=GBP, ConvMethod=Recommended")

Terminology (Term= or Terminology=)

Translates text data outputs into different languages.

Value	Language
zh-CN	Chinese
en-GB	British English
ja-JP	Japanese
es-HN	Spanish
pt-BR	Portuguese
de-DE	German

=SPG("AMZN", "SP_COUNTRY_NAME", , "Options: Terminology=ja-JP")

Other Common Options

Option	Description
DataType=SD or DataType=CD	Source data type (SD = S&P Data, CD = Consensus)
Fill=EOM	Fill end-of-month for time series
Dates=Before	Place date labels before values in SPGRangeV

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METRIC REFERENCE

Market Data

Metric	Mnemonic
Day Close Price	SP_PRICE_CLOSE
Intraday Price	SP_PRICE_INTRADAY
Volume Weighted Average Price	SP_VWAP
Market Capitalization	SP_MARKETCAP
Total Enterprise Value (SNL)	SNL_TEV
Total Enterprise Value (CIQ)	IQ_TEV
Shares Outstanding	SP_SHARES_OUT
Volume	SP_VOLUME
Dividend Yield (%)	SP_DIV_YIELD
LTM Dividends Announced	SP_DIV_LTM

Sample:

=SPG("AMZN", "SP_MARKETCAP")                -- Latest Market Capitalization
=SPG("AMZN", "SP_MARKETCAP", "04/15/2020")  -- Market Cap as of 4/15/2020

Exclude the as-of date parameter for latest available.

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Corporate

Metric	Mnemonic
Entity Name	SP_COMPANY_NAME
Ticker	SP_TICKER
Exchange	SP_EXCHANGE
Primary Industry (MI)	MI_PRIMARY_INDUSTRY
Primary Industry (CIQ/GICS)	IQ_PRIMARY_INDUSTRY
SIC Code	SP_SIC_CODE
State	SP_STATE
Country / Region Name	SP_COUNTRY_NAME
S&P Capital IQ ID	SP_CIQ_ID
Company Type	SP_COMPANY_TYPE
Company Status	SP_COMPANY_STATUS
Business Description	SP_BUSINESS_DESCRIPTION
Ownership Structure	SP_OWN_STRUCTURE
Month of Fiscal Year End	SP_MONTH_FYE
Web Address	SP_WEBSITE

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Valuation / Multiples

Trailing Multiples

Metric	Mnemonic
TEV/Total Revenue	IQ_TEV_TOTAL_REV
TEV/EBITDA	IQ_TEV_EBITDA
TEV/EBIT	IQ_TEV_EBIT
TEV/Unlevered FCF	IQ_TEV_UFCF
Price/EPS	IQ_PE
Price/Book Value	IQ_PBV_X
Price/Tangible Book Value	IQ_PTBV_X

Sample:

=SPG("AMZN", "IQ_PE", "LTM")                      -- Latest trailing PE
=SPG("AMZN", "SP_PE_FWD", "LTM", "4/15/2020")     -- Trailing PE as of 4/15/2020

Forward Trading Multiples

Metric	Mnemonic
TEV/Forward Total Revenue	SP_TEV_TOTAL_REV_FWD
TEV/Forward EBITDA	SP_TEV_EBITDA_FWD
TEV/Forward EBIT	SP_TEV_EBIT_FWD
Price/Forward EPS	SP_PE_FWD

Sample:

=SPG("AMZN", "SP_PE_FWD", "NTM")                  -- Latest forward PE
=SPG("AMZN", "SP_PE_FWD", "NTM", "4/15/2020")     -- Forward PE as of 4/15/2020

Supported periods for forward multiples: NTM, FY+1, FQ+1, FY2021, etc.

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Capital IQ Consensus Estimates

Metric	Mnemonic
CIQ Avg Broker Recommendation (Text)	SP_AVG_BROKER_REC_TEXT
CIQ Avg Broker Recommendation (#)	SP_AVG_BROKER_REC
CIQ Mean Price Target	SP_PRICE_TARGET
Mean EPS Estimate	SP_EPS_EST
Mean Revenue Estimate	SP_REV_EST
Mean EBITDA Estimate	SP_EBITDA_EST
Mean EBIT Estimate	SP_EBIT_EST
Mean Net Income Estimate	SP_NI_EST
Mean Cash Flow per Share Estimate	SP_CFPS_EST

Non-Periodic:

=SPG("AMZN", "SP_PRICE_TARGET")                  -- Latest Price Target
=SPG("AMZN", "SP_PRICE_TARGET", "04/15/2020")    -- Price Target as of 4/15/2020

Periodic:

=SPG("AMZN", "SP_EPS_EST", "FY+1")               -- EPS Estimate for next fiscal year
=SPG("AMZN", "SP_EPS_EST", "FY+1", "04/15/2020") -- Estimate as of 4/15/2020

Supported periods for estimates: NTM, FY+1, FQ+1, FY2021, etc.

---

Capital IQ Fundamentals

Balance Sheet

Metric	Mnemonic
Cash and Equivalents	IQ_CASH_EQUIV
Short Term Investments	IQ_ST_INVEST
Cash & Short Term Investments	IQ_CASH_ST_INVEST
Accounts Receivable	IQ_AR
Total Receivables	IQ_TOTAL_RECEIV
Inventory	IQ_INVENTORY
Total Current Assets	IQ_TOTAL_CA
Gross Property, Plant & Equipment	IQ_GPPE
Net Property, Plant & Equipment	IQ_NPPE
Long-term Investments	IQ_LT_INVEST
Total Goodwill and Intangibles	IQ_TOTAL_GW_INTAN
Total Assets	IQ_TOTAL_ASSETS
Accounts Payable	IQ_AP
Short-term Borrowings	IQ_ST_DEBT
Curr. Port. of LT Debt	IQ_CURRENT_PORT_DEBT
Current Portion of Leases	IQ_CURRENT_PORT_LEASES
Total Current Liabilities	IQ_TOTAL_CL
Long-Term Debt	IQ_LT_DEBT
Long-Term Leases	IQ_CAPITAL_LEASES
Total Liabilities	IQ_TOTAL_LIAB
Total Minority Interest	IQ_MINORITY_INTEREST
Total Preferred Equity	IQ_TOTAL_PREF_EQUITY
Common Stock	IQ_COMMON_STOCK
Retained Earnings	IQ_RETAINED_EARNINGS
Treasury Stock	IQ_TREASURY
Total Common Equity	IQ_TOTAL_COMMON_EQUITY
Total Equity	IQ_TOTAL_EQUITY
Total Liabilities And Equity	IQ_TOTAL_LIAB_EQUITY
Total Debt	IQ_TOTAL_DEBT
Net Debt	IQ_NET_DEBT
Total Capital	IQ_TOTAL_CAP

Balance Sheet -- Supplemental

Metric	Mnemonic
Filing Date	IQ_FINL_FILING_DATE
Period Date	IQ_PERIOD_END
Total Shares Out. on Filing Date	IQ_SHARES_OUT_FILING_DATE
Total Shares Out. on BS Date	IQ_SHARES_OUT_PERIOD_END
Book Value/Share	IQ_BVPS
Tangible Book Value	IQ_TANG_EQUITY
Tangible Book Value/Share	IQ_TBVPS
Net Goodwill	IQ_GW_NET
Net Intangibles	IQ_INTAN_NET
Total Leases	IQ_TOTAL_LEASES
Total Current Assets, As Reported	IQ_TOTAL_CA_REPORTED
Total Current Liabilities, As Reported	IQ_TOTAL_CL_REPORTED
Total Shareholders Equity, As Reported	IQ_TOTAL_EQUITY_REPORTED
Part-Time Employees	IQ_PART_TIME
Full Time Employees	IQ_FULL_TIME

Income Statement

Metric	Mnemonic
Total Revenue	IQ_TOTAL_REV
Cost of Goods Sold / Cost of Revenue	IQ_COGS (ALWAYS use this -- never use IQ_COST_REV)
Gross Profit	IQ_GP
Selling General & Admin Exp.	IQ_SGA_SUPPL
R & D Exp.	IQ_RD_EXP
Depreciation & Amort.	IQ_DA_SUPPL
Amort. of Goodwill and Intangibles	IQ_GW_INTAN_AMORT
Operating Income	IQ_OPER_INC
Net Interest Exp.	IQ_NET_INTEREST_EXP
EBT Excl Unusual Items	IQ_EBT_EXCL
Other Unusual Items	IQ_OTHER_UNUSUAL_SUPPL
EBT Incl. Unusual Items	IQ_EBT
Income Tax Expense	IQ_INC_TAX
Earnings from Cont. Ops.	IQ_EARNINGS_CONT_OPS
Earnings of Discontinued Ops.	IQ_EARNINGS_DISCONTINUED_OPS
Extraord. Item & Account. Change	IQ_EXTRA_ACC_ITEMS
Net Income to Company	IQ_NET_INC
Pref. Dividends and Other Adj.	IQ_PREF_DIV_OTHER
Merger & Related Restruct. Charges	IQ_MERGER_RESTRUCTURE
NI to Common Incl Extra Items	IQ_NI_AVAIL_INCL
NI to Common Excl. Extra Items	IQ_NI_AVAIL_EXCL
Basic EPS	IQ_BASIC_EPS_AFTER_EXTRA
Basic EPS Excl. Extra Items	IQ_BASIC_EPS_BEFORE_EXTRA
Weighted Avg. Basic Shares Out.	IQ_AVG_BASIC_SHARES_OUT
Diluted EPS Incl. Extra Items	IQ_DILUT_EPS_AFTER_EXTRA
Diluted EPS Excl. Extra Items	IQ_DILUT_EPS_BEFORE_EXTRA
Weighted Avg. Diluted Shares Out.	IQ_AVG_DILUT_SHARES_OUT
Normalized Basic EPS	IQ_BASIC_EPS_NORM
Normalized Diluted EPS	IQ_DILUT_EPS_NORM

Income Statement -- Supplemental

Metric	Mnemonic
EBITDA	IQ_EBITDA
EBITDA Incl Eqty Inc from Affil Excl	IQ_EBITDA_EQ_INC_EXCL_OPER_LEASE_ADJ
EBITDA, As Reported	IQ_EBITDA_REPORTED
EBITA	IQ_EBITA
EBIT	IQ_EBIT
EBITDAR	IQ_EBITDAR
As Reported Total Revenue	IQ_TOTAL_REV_AS_REPORTED
Total Interest Income, As Reported	IQ_INT_INC_TOTAL_REPORTED
Total Interest Expense, As Reported	IQ_INT_EXPEN_TOTAL_REPORTED
Net Interest Income, As Reported	IQ_NET_INT_INC_REPORTED
Net Rental Expense, Total	IQ_NET_RENTAL_EXP_FN
Normalized Net Income	IQ_NI_NORM
Total Same Store Sales Growth	IQ_SAME_STORE_TOTAL
Earnings before Taxes, As Reported	IQ_EBT_REPORTED
Effective Tax Rate	IQ_EFFECT_TAX_RATE
Payout Ratio	IQ_PAYOUT_RATIO
Interest on Long-Term Debt	IQ_INT_EXP_LTD
Total Current Taxes	IQ_CURR_TAXES
Total Deferred Taxes	IQ_DEFERRED_TAXES_TOTAL

Cash Flow

Metric	Mnemonic
Net Income - CF	IQ_NI_CF
Depreciation & Amort., Total	IQ_DA_CF
Asset Writedown & Restructuring Costs	IQ_ASSET_WRITEDOWN_CF
Stock-Based Compensation	IQ_STOCK_BASED_CF
Net Cash From Discontinued Ops.	IQ_DO_CF
Change in Acc. Receivable	IQ_CHANGE_AR
Change In Inventories	IQ_CHANGE_INVENTORY
Change in Acc. Payable	IQ_CHANGE_AP
Change in Unearned Rev.	IQ_CHANGE_UNEARN_REV
Change In Income Taxes	IQ_CHANGE_INC_TAX
Change in Def. Taxes	IQ_CHANGE_DEF_TAX
Cash from Ops.	IQ_CASH_OPER
Capital Expenditure	IQ_CAPEX
Sale of Property, Plant and Equipment	IQ_SALE_PPE_CF
Cash Acquisitions	IQ_CASH_ACQUIRE_CF
Divestitures	IQ_DIVEST_CF
Sale (Purchase) of Intangible assets	IQ_SALE_INTAN_CF
Invest. in Marketable & Equity Securt.	IQ_INVEST_SECURITY_CF
Cash from Investing	IQ_CASH_INVEST
Short Term Debt Issued	IQ_ST_DEBT_ISSUED
Long-Term Debt Issued	IQ_LT_DEBT_ISSUED
Total Debt Issued	IQ_TOTAL_DEBT_ISSUED
Short Term Debt Repaid	IQ_ST_DEBT_REPAID
Long-Term Debt Repaid	IQ_LT_DEBT_REPAID
Total Debt Repaid	IQ_TOTAL_DEBT_REPAID
Issuance of Common Stock	IQ_COMMON_ISSUED
Repurchase of Common Stock	IQ_COMMON_REP
Issuance of Pref. Stock	IQ_PREF_ISSUED
Repurchase of Preferred Stock	IQ_PREF_REP
Common Dividends Paid	IQ_COMMON_DIV_CF
Pref. Dividends Paid	IQ_PREF_DIV_CF
Common and/or Pref. Dividends Paid	IQ_COMMON_PREF_DIV_CF
Total Dividends Paid	IQ_TOTAL_DIV_PAID_CF
Cash from Financing	IQ_CASH_FINAN
Net Change in Cash	IQ_CASH_NET_CHANGE

Cash Flow -- Supplemental

Metric	Mnemonic
Cash Interest Paid	IQ_CASH_INTEREST
Cash Taxes Paid	IQ_CASH_TAXES
Net Debt Issued	IQ_NET_DEBT_ISSUED
Levered Free Cash Flow	IQ_LEVERED_FCF
Unlevered Free Cash Flow	IQ_UNLEVERED_FCF
Change in Net Working Capital	IQ_CHANGE_NET_WORKING_CAPITAL

As-of Dates for CIQ Fundamentals

Capital IQ Fundamentals support an "as-of" parameter for pulling historical financial data as of a specific date. This applies to both Actual and Relative period types:

=SPG("AMZN", "IQ_TOTAL_ASSETS", "FY2018", "6/30/2019")  -- Actual period with as-of date
=SPG("AMZN", "IQ_TOTAL_ASSETS", "FY0", "6/30/2019")     -- Relative period with as-of date

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SNL Financials

Key Financials

Metric	Mnemonic
Market Capitalization	SP_MARKETCAP
Total Enterprise Value (SNL)	SNL_TEV
Total Revenue	SNL_TOTAL_REVENUE
Interest Expense	SNL_INT_EXP
Net Income	SNL_NET_INC
Net Income Attributable to Parent	SNL_NET_INC_PARENT
Avg Diluted Shares	SNL_AVG_DIL_SHARES
Basic EPS after Extra	SNL_BASIC_EPS_AFTER_EXTRA
Diluted EPS after Extraordinary	SNL_DILUT_EPS_AFTER_EXTRA
EBITDA	SNL_EBITDA
EBIT	SNL_EBIT
Common Dividends Declared per Share	SNL_COMMON_DIV_DECLARED
Dividend Payout Ratio	SNL_PAYOUT_RATIO
Recurring Revenue Growth	SNL_REC_REV_GROWTH
EPS Growth, before Extraordinary	SNL_EPS_GROWTH_BEFORE_EXTRA
EPS Growth, after Extraordinary	SNL_EPS_AFTER_EXTRA_GROWTH
ROAA	SNL_ROA
ROAE	SNL_ROE
ROACE	SNL_ROCE
ROATCE	SNL_ROATCE
Gross Margin	SNL_GROSS_MARGIN
EBITDA Margin	SNL_EBITDA_MARGIN
EBIT Margin	SNL_EBIT_MARGIN
Net Income Margin	SNL_NET_INC_MARGIN
Recurring EBITDA Margin	SNL_REC_EBITDA_MARGIN
EBITDA/ Interest Expense	SNL_EBITDA_TO_INT_EXP
Cash and Cash Equivalents	SNL_CASH_EQUIV
Current Assets	SNL_CURRENT_ASSETS
Net PP&E	SNL_NPPE
Total Assets	SNL_TOTAL_ASSETS
Total Debt	SNL_TOTAL_DEBT
Total Equity	SNL_TOTAL_EQUITY
Total Capitalization	SNL_TOTAL_CAP
Common Shares Outstanding	SNL_SHARES_OUT_PERIOD_END
Book Value per Share	SNL_BVPS
Tangible Book Value per Share	SNL_TBVPS
Total Equity/ Total Assets	SNL_EQUITY_TO_ASSETS
Total Debt/ Total Equity	SNL_DEBT_TO_EQUITY
Total Debt/ Total Capitalization	SNL_TOTAL_DEBT_TO_TOTAL_CAP
Debt/ EBITDA	SNL_DEBT_TO_EBITDA
Cash Flow from Operating Activities	SNL_CASH_OPER
Cash Flow: Capital Expenditures	SNL_CAPEX

SNL Key Financials -- Supplemental

Metric	Mnemonic
Period Ended (mm/dd/yyyy)	SNL_PERIOD_END
Earnings Release Date (mm/dd/yyyy)	SNL_EARNINGS_RELEASE_DATE
Financials Reported Currency Code	SNL_CURRENCY_FINANCIALS
Fiscal Period	SNL_FISCAL_PERIOD

Banking

Metric	Mnemonic
Net Customer Loans	SNL_NET_CUSTOMER_LOANS
Total Deposits	SNL_TOTAL_DEPOSITS
Tangible Equity	SNL_TANG_EQUITY
Net Income	SNL_NET_INC
ROACE	SNL_ROCE
ROATCE	SNL_ROATCE
Net Loans/ Assets	SNL_NET_LOAN_TO_ASSETS
Amortized Loans/ Deposits	SNL_AMORT_LOANS_TO_DEPOSITS
Securities/ Assets	SNL_SECS_TO_ASSETS
Loans/ Deposits	SNL_LOAN_TO_DEP
Net Interest Income/ Avg Assets	SNL_NET_INT_INC_TO_AVG_ASSETS
Net Interest Margin	SNL_NIM
Tier 1 Common Capital (CET1) Ratio	SNL_TIER_1_COMMON_RATIO
Tier 1 Ratio	SNL_TIER_1_RATIO
Total Capital Ratio	SNL_TOTAL_CAPITAL_RATIO

Insurance

Metric	Mnemonic
Investments	SNL_INVESTMENTS
Total Policy Reserves	SNL_FIN_TOTAL_POLICY_RESV
Total Policy Income	SNL_TOTAL_POLICY_INC
Net Investment Income	SNL_NET_INVEST_INC
Total Policy Expense	SNL_TOTAL_POLICY_EXP
Underwriting & Other Expense	SNL_UNDERWRITING_OTHER_EXPENSE
Gross Premiums Written	SNL_GPW
Gross Premiums Earned	SNL_GROSS_PREMS_EARNED
Ceded Premiums Earned	SNL_CEDED_PREMS_EARNED
Net Premiums Earned	SNL_NPE
Loss Ratio	SNL_LR
Expense Ratio	SNL_ER
Combined Ratio	SNL_CR
Policy Expense/ Expense	SNL_POLICY_EXP_TO_EXP
Insurance Investment Yield	SNL_INSURANCE_INVEST_YLD

Energy (Coal, Gas Utilities, Midstream, Power)

Metric	Mnemonic
Coal Sales Revenue	SNL_COAL_SALES_REV
Electric Revenue	SNL_ELEC_REV
Oil & Natural Gas Revenue	SNL_OIL_NAT_GAS_REV
Gas Distribution Revenue	SNL_GAS_DIST_REV
Oil & Gas Exploration & Production	SNL_OIL_GAS_EXPLORATION_PRODUCTION
Oil & Gas Products Sales	SNL_OIL_GAS_PRODUCTS_SALES
Oil & Gas Midstream Operating Rev.	SNL_OIL_GAS_MIDSTREAM_OPER_REV
Energy Operating Revenue	SNL_ENERGY_OPER_REV
Electric Revenue/ Operating Revenue	SNL_ELEC_REV_TO_OPER_REV
Gas Revenue/ Operating Revenue	SNL_GAS_REV_TO_OPER_REV
Op. & Maint./ Operating Expense	SNL_OPS_AND_MAINT_TO_OPER_EXP
Electric Generation/ Operating Expense	SNL_ELEC_GEN_TO_OPER_EXP
Gas Cost/ Operating Expense	SNL_GAS_COST_TO_OPER_EXP
Midstream Revenue/ Operating Revenue	SNL_MIDSTREAM_REV_TO_OPER_REV
Midstream Costs/ Operating Expense	SNL_MIDSTREAM_COSTS_TO_OPER_REV

Media & Communications

Metric	Mnemonic
Radio Content and Broadcasting Revenue	SNL_RADIO_CONTENT_BROADCASTING_REV
TV/ Cable Network Revenue	SNL_TV_TO_CABLE_NETWORK_REV
Filmed Entertainment & TV Revenue	SNL_FILMED_ENTERTAINMENT_TV_REV
Internet Content and Distribution Revenue	SNL_INTERNET_CONTENT_DIST_REV
Content, Broadcasting and Distribution Revenue	SNL_CONTENT_BROADCASTING_DIST_REV
Magazine Revenue	SNL_MAGAZINE_REV
Newspaper Revenue	SNL_NEWSPAPER_REV
Book Publishing Revenue	SNL_BOOK_PUBLISHING_REV
Publishing Revenue	SNL_PUBLISHING_REV
Owned & Operated Radio Stations	SNL_OWNED_OPERATED_RADIO_STATIONS
Number of Radio Stations	SNL_NUM_RADIO_STATIONS
Net Radio Revenue	SNL_NET_RADIO_REV
Basic Subscribers	SNL_BASIC_SUBSCRIBERS
Digital Subscribers	SNL_DIGITAL_SUBSCRIBERS
High Speed Data Subscribers	SNL_HIGH_SPEED_DATA_SUBSCRIBERS

Financial Services

Metric	Mnemonic
Assets Under Management	SNL_AUM
Mutual Funds under Management	SNL_MUTUAL_FUNDS_UNDER_MGMT
AUM Growth	SNL_AUM_GROWTH
Management Fees/ Avg AUM	SNL_MGMT_FEES_TO_AVG_AUM
Loans Originated	SNL_LOAN_ORIGINATED
Loans Sold	SNL_LOAN_SOLD
Total Net Loans	SNL_NET_LOANS
Investments	SNL_INV_CO_INVEST
Managed Assets	SNL_MNGD_ASSETS
Managed Receiv. for Self and Others	SNL_MNGD_RECV_FOR_SELF_OTHERS
Managed NCOs/ Avg Managed Rec	SNL_MNGD_NCO_TO_AVG_MNGD_REC
Investments/ Assets	SNL_INVEST_TO_ASSETS
Return on Avg. AUM	SNL_RETURN_ON_AVG_AUM
Return on Avg. Managed Receivables	SNL_RETURN_ON_AVG_MNGD_REC
Return on Avg. Managed Assets	SNL_RETURN_ON_AVG_MNGD_ASSETS

Real Estate

Metric	Mnemonic
Gross Depreciable Property	SNL_GROSS_DEPRECIABLE_PPTY
Net Property Investment	SNL_NET_PPTY_INVEST
Finance Leases	SNL_FIN_LEASES
Mortgage Loans	SNL_MRTG_LOAN
Rental Revenue	SNL_RENTAL_REV
Rental Net Operating Income	SNL_RENTAL_NET_OPER_INC
NOI	SNL_NOI
FFO	SNL_FFO_GAAP
Adjusted FFO	SNL_AFFO
Gain on Sale of Real Estate	SNL_GAIN_ON_SALE_OF_RE
FFO Payout (%)	SNL_FFO_PAYOUT
FFO/ Total Revenue (%)	SNL_FFO_TO_TOTAL_REV
Same-store NOI: Change	SNL_SS_NOI_CHANGE
Same-store Revenue: Chg. from Prior	SNL_SS_REV_CHANGE_FROM_PRIOR
NAV per Share, as Reported	SNL_NAV_PER_SHARE

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Other

Metric	Mnemonic
Topic Tags	SP_TOPICTAG
Headcount	SP_HEADCOUNT_LATEST

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KNOWN NON-EXISTENT ITEMS

These items do NOT exist. NEVER use them:

What You Might Guess	Correct Alternative
SP_52WK_HI / SP_52WK_LO	Not documented -- use SPGRANGEV with SP_PRICE_CLOSE to derive
SP_NUM_EST_BROKER_REC	Not documented -- use SP_AVG_BROKER_REC or SP_AVG_BROKER_REC_TEXT
SP_AVG_VOLUME / SP_VOLUME_30D	Use SP_VOLUME with date range via SPGRANGEV
IQ_COMPANY_TICKER	Use SP_TICKER
IQ_ASSET_TURNOVER	Calculate: IQ_TOTAL_REV / IQ_TOTAL_ASSETS
IQ_INVENTORY_TURNOVER	Calculate: IQ_COGS / IQ_INVENTORY
IQ_CURRENT_RATIO	Calculate: IQ_TOTAL_CA / IQ_TOTAL_CL
IQ_QUICK_RATIO	Calculate: (IQ_TOTAL_CA - IQ_INVENTORY) / IQ_TOTAL_CL
IQ_ROIC / IQ_WACC	Calculate manually from documented items
IQ_GROSS_MARGIN	Use SNL_GROSS_MARGIN or calculate: IQ_GP / IQ_TOTAL_REV
IQ_EBITDA_MARGIN	Use SNL_EBITDA_MARGIN or calculate: IQ_EBITDA / IQ_TOTAL_REV
IQ_FCF_MARGIN	Calculate: IQ_LEVERED_FCF / IQ_TOTAL_REV
IQ_NET_DEBT_TO_EBITDA	Use SNL_DEBT_TO_EBITDA or calculate: IQ_NET_DEBT / IQ_EBITDA
IQ_ENTERPRISE_VALUE	Use IQ_TEV or SNL_TEV
IQ_FREE_CASH_FLOW	Use IQ_LEVERED_FCF or IQ_UNLEVERED_FCF
IQ_OPERATING_MARGIN	Use SNL_EBIT_MARGIN or calculate: IQ_OPER_INC / IQ_TOTAL_REV
IQ_NET_MARGIN	Use SNL_NET_INC_MARGIN or calculate: IQ_NET_INC / IQ_TOTAL_REV
IQ_DEBT_TO_EQUITY	Use SNL_DEBT_TO_EQUITY or calculate: IQ_TOTAL_DEBT / IQ_TOTAL_EQUITY
IQ_EV_TO_SALES	Use IQ_TEV_TOTAL_REV
IQ_EV_TO_EBITDA	Use IQ_TEV_EBITDA
IQ_COST_REV	Use IQ_COGS

When in doubt: Check the metric reference tables above or the Excel reference guide. If not found, it does NOT exist.

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COMMON PITFALLS

1. Never use IQ_COST_REV

IQ_COST_REV is unreliable and returns #INVALID FUNCTION PARAMETER for many companies. Always use IQ_COGS for Cost of Goods Sold / Cost of Revenue.

2. Using forward periods with fundamental mnemonics

IQ_* and SNL_* data items only support historical/current periods (FY0, FY-1, LTM, etc.). Using FY+1, NTM, or any forward period with them returns #INVALID FUNCTION PARAMETER. For forward-looking data, switch to consensus estimate mnemonics:

Historical (IQ_*)	Forward (SP_*_EST)
IQ_TOTAL_REV	SP_REV_EST
IQ_EBITDA	SP_EBITDA_EST
IQ_EBIT	SP_EBIT_EST
IQ_NET_INC	SP_NI_EST
IQ_DILUT_EPS_BEFORE_EXTRA	SP_EPS_EST

Only the above line items have consensus estimate mnemonics. All other income statement line items (COGS, R&D, SGA, D&A, Interest Expense, Tax Expense, Effective Tax Rate, Basic EPS, Share Counts, etc.) have NO estimate equivalent. For estimate columns (FY+1E, FY+2E), leave cells blank for line items without a consensus mnemonic -- do NOT write "-" or any placeholder.

3. Using =@SPG() in openpyxl

Never include @ in formula strings. Write =SPG(...) -- Excel adds @ at display time.

4. Using bare tickers as identifiers

Always use exchange-qualified format ("NASDAQ:NVDA") to avoid #INVALID COMPANY ID.

5. Writing "-" for unavailable data

Never write "-" or any placeholder into cells where data is known to be unavailable. Leave the cell blank. This applies to estimate columns where no consensus mnemonic exists, and to any line item where the data item is not applicable.